Bestigium / Mérida
Villa · 1 layer

House-basilica by the Roman theatre

A large Roman house found during the excavation of the Roman theatre of Mérida, built against the western wall of the portico behind the stage. José Ramón Mélida, who excavated it, christened it the «basilica house» because one of its rooms ended in an apse and he thought it might be a Romano-Christian house; later analysis, above all by Alberto Balil, ruled out any Christian meaning in its structure: it is a Roman house.

Type
Villa
Preservation
Ruined
Protection
Listed · RI-53-0000148
Listed
08/02/1973
Coordinates
38.91570, -6.33900
Photographs
0
The site

What it is and what is left

Its main front faced west, onto a paved north–south street. From a vestibule 5 m wide you passed into an almost square porticoed courtyard, the axis of symmetry of the house, with a small pool draining into the great sewer of the theatre; the walkways around it were paved with mosaics. In the western wing are three rooms read as cubicula and another that Mélida identified as a triclinium, without enough evidence to be sure.

The most remarkable feature is two adjoining rooms ending in apses, in the eastern sector. The larger, with a doorway 3.62 m wide and three windows of 1.55 m in the east wall, was paved with mosaic and, from its central position with respect to the courtyard, is read as an oecus or reception room; it preserves rich painted decoration with a dado imitating marble crustae, red panels separated by blue bands and, in the apse, four human figures standing on plinths, datable to the first half of the 4th century.

Two phases can be told apart: the mosaics of the apsidal oecus are 2nd-century and those of the eastern side and the western corridor are 4th-century; in the second phase architectural elements from the theatre itself were reused. To the north, possible baths appeared in the 1940s. How it related in function to the theatre remains unclear. Location approximate, within the theatre precinct.

The section

What each period left here

It reads downwards: each band is a period with fabric in this site, newest first, deepest last.

25 BC – 5th c. Level 1
0 facts
0 photographs
Roman

Roman

This site has fabric from this period. Mérida has 57 more sites built in the same layer.

See the whole layer →
Bottom of the section

Below the deepest layer of each site is the ground itself: what has not been excavated yet, or what left nothing built. The catalogue only claims what is documented.

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